Entrepreneurship: Levels and Functions of Management - Understand management levels: top, middle, and lower. Describe key management tasks: planning, organising, leading, controlling. Compare different management styles (autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire).
The Economy: Discuss factors affecting quality of life (e.g. unemployment, development, environmental impact).
The Economy: Differentiate between self-sufficient and modern societies.
The Economy: Analyse the influence of the National Budget on economic growth and addressing inequality.
Financial Literacy: Apply double-entry bookkeeping using “T” accounts. Post from CRJ and CPJ into the General Ledger. Balance accounts and prepare a Trial Balance.
Financial Literacy: Cash Receipts Journal (CRJ) and Cash Payments Journal (CPJ): Understand layout, purpose, and function. Record cash transactions accurately. Analyse effects of transactions on the accounting equation.
Financial Literacy: Understand sequence: transactions → source documents → journals → General Ledger → Trial Balance → Financial Statements. Recognise importance of record-keeping.
Financial Literacy: Identify and use receipts, deposit slips, invoices, till slips, cheques, bank statements.
Financial Literacy: Accounting Concepts: Key concepts: capital, assets, liabilities, income, expenses, profit, loss. Apply the accounting equation: Assets = Owner’s Equity + Liabilities. Understand roles of cash transactions and banking in a sole trader context.
Traditional societies; bartering; promissory notes; coins; paper money; electronic banking; the role of money
Goods and services; examples of goods and services; producers and consumers; the role of households as producers and consumers; using goods and services efficiently and effectively; how to recycle and reuse goods to satisfy needs and wants
Basic needs of individuals, families, communities and countries; primary and secondary needs; unlimited wants; limited resources to satisfy needs and wants
Entrepreneurship: Factors of Ownership - Explore types: sole traders, partnerships, close corporations, private and public companies. Analyse characteristics, advantages/disadvantages, and their contribution to job creation and sustainable development.
The Economy: Understand types of markets: Goods and services markets and Factor markets (labour, financial)
The Economy: Understand the structure and functions of different levels of government (local, provincial, national).
The Economy: Understand government spending on services like education, healthcare, security, etc.
The Economy: Recognise how market structures operate and influence supply and demand.
The Economy: Identify sources of government income (direct and indirect taxes).
The Economy: Examine government roles in resource use and service delivery to households and businesses.
Personal savings; purpose of savings; history of banks; the role of banks; services offered by banks; opening a savings account at a bank; community savings schemes; financial organisations; financial institutions and organisations promoting entrepreneurship
Definition of production; inputs and outputs; sustainable use of resources; meaning of economic growth; meaning of productivity; the effect of productivity on the economic growth; technology in the production process; contribution of technology to improving productivity and economic growth
Causes of socio-economic imbalances; inequality in South Africa; education and skills to fight inequality and injustice; urban and rural challenges; creating sustainable job opportunities
Entrepreneurship: Factors of Production: - Identify the four factors: capital, labour, natural resources, entrepreneurship. Understand different types of labour and fair employment practices. Explain remuneration for each factor.
Needs and wants of consumers; analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT); setting goals; achieving goals; the concept of advertising; media used in advertising; principles of advertising; budget for Entrepreneur’s Day; use of recycled material; simple cost calculation – variable cost, fixed cost, selling price
Definition of an entrepreneur; characteristics of an entrepreneur; skills of an entrepreneur; entrepreneurial actions of buying, selling, producing and making a profit
Definition of a budget; income; expenditure; a personal budget; business budget
Personal income; personal expenses; types of personal income; personal statement of net worth; types of income that businesses receive; types of expenses that businesses have; savings and investments in businesses
Capital; assets; liability; income; expenses; profit; losses; budgets; savings; banking; financial records; transactions
Formal and informal businesses; types of businesses (trading, manufacturing and service) that are both formal and informal; advantages and disadvantages of formal and informal businesses; the role of formal and informal businesses as producers and consumers; the effect of natural disasters and health epidemics on formal and informal businesses
Hosting of Entrepreneur’s Day; income and expenditure statement
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